Iodized salt intake and its association with urinary iodine, TPOAb and TgAb among urban Chinese.

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Iodized salt intake and its association with urinary iodine, TPOAb and TgAb among urban Chinese.

Thyroid. 2017 Nov 01;:

Authors: Chen C, Xu H, Chen Y, Chen Y, Li Q, Hu J, Liang W, Cheng J, Xia F, Wang C, Han B, Zheng Y, Jiang B, Wang N, Lu Y

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Whether iodized salt increases the risk of thyroid diseases has been strongly debated in China, especially in the urban areas of coastal regions, in recent years. We aimed to investigate the status of iodized salt in terms of urinary and serum iodine concentration in urban coastal areas, and to further explore whether iodized salt or noniodized salt was associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD).
METHODS: Our data source was SPECT-China (ChiCTR-ECS-14005052, www.chictr.org.cn), a cross-sectional study in East China. We enrolled 1678 subjects from 12 communities in downtown Shanghai. The type of salt consumed, the urinary iodine concentration (UIC), serum iodine, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels were obtained. AITD was defined as serum TPOAb and/or TgAb >60 kIU/L [TPO/TgAb (+)].
RESULTS: The prevalence of AITD was 10.5% in men, and 21.4% in women. The median UIC and serum iodine concentration were 106.4μg/L and 60.9μg/L, respectively. Among all the subjects, 46.4% consumed non-iodized salt; the prevalence of iodine deficiency among those subjects was significantly higher than that of the subjects who consumed iodized salt (54.2% vs 40.1%, P<0.001). Consumption of non-iodized salt was positively associated with AITD in all participants (OR 1.49; 95%CI 1.15-1.95; P=0.003) and in women (OR 1.63; 95%CI 1.20-2.21; P<0.01) after multivariable adjustment. Additionally, the association between low UIC and AITD was observed among all subjects (OR 1.50; 95%CI 1.10-2.05; P=0.01) and in women (OR 1.45; 95%CI 1.02-2.07; P=0.038).
CONCLUSIONS: In coastal areas that are believed rich in iodine, consuming non-iodized salt still led to lower UIC levels and a higher prevalence of iodine deficiency. The consumption of non-iodized salt and low UICs might be a risk factor for AITD, especially for women, which should be further confirmed by longitudinal studies.

PMID: 29092685 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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